Terms Of Innovation Performance Research Articles

민주주의와 정부능력은 기술혁신에 긍정적으로 기여하는가?

Purpose: In this study, we analyze the f ollowing two points based on these existing studies. F irst, we examine the c orrelation between democracy and technological innovation, using cross-national data.We examine whether more democratized countries have an advantage over less democratic c ountries in t erms o f technological i nnovation, and whether d emocratic countries have an advantage over non-democratic countries in terms of innovation performance. we examine how government capabilities affect technological innovation by dividing them into democratic and non-democratic countries. We aim to analyze whether government capacity is important for technological innovation not only in democratic countries but also in non-democratic countries.
 Research design, data, and methodology: This paper analyzed how political systems, especially democracy and government capacity, affect technological innovation for the period 1997-2017 in 101 countries using data extracted from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators. The relationship between political systems and technological innovation was examined using the Negative Binomial Regression Model (NBRM), which is commonly used to analyze count data with the characteristic of over-dispersion.
 Results: The findings indicate that as democratization progresses, there is a corresponding increase in innovation performance. Additionally, democratic nations demonstrate higher levels of innovation compared to non-democratic countries. Furthermore, the research reveals that countries with robust government capacity, as measured by factors such as the effectiveness of public officials, provision of public services, regulation and support of the private sector, and corruption control, tend to achieve superior innovation performance.
 Implications: These f indings support t he a rgument put forth b y Acemoglu a nd R obinson, s uggesting that i n order to a ttain s ustained economic development and innovation, countries require a certain level of government capacity associated with the operation of exploitative economic institutions. The escalating power struggle between the United States and China has now evolved into a technological competition between market democracies and s tate capitalism. Consequently, there i s a f ervent debate regarding which political systems and forms of capitalism have a positive influence on innovation. This study is expected to offer valuable insights and serve as a crucial reference point for this ongoing discourse.

Innovation-driven clustering for better national innovation benchmarking

PurposeThis research paper aims to contribute to the field of innovation performance benchmarking by identifying appropriate benchmarking groups and exploring learning opportunities and integration directions.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a multi-dimensional innovation-driven clustering methodology to analyze data from the 2019 edition of the Global Innovation Index (GII). Hierarchical and K-means Cluster Analysis techniques are applied using various sets of distance matrices to uncover and analyze distinct innovation patterns.FindingsThis study classifies 129 countries into four clusters: Specials, Advanced, Intermediates and Primitives. Each cluster exhibits strengths and weaknesses in terms of innovation performance. Specials excel in the areas of institutions and knowledge commercialization, while the Advanced cluster demonstrates strengths in education and ICT-related services but shows weakness in patent commercialization. Intermediates show strengths in venture-capital and labour productivity but display weaknesses in R&D expenditure and the higher education quality. Primitives exhibit strength in creative activities but suffer from weaknesses in digital skills, education and training. Additionally, the study has identified 35 indicators that have negligible variance contributions across countries.Originality/valueThe study contributes to finding the relevant countries’ grouping for the enhancement of communication, integration and learning. To this end, this study highlights the innovation structural differences among countries and provides tailored innovation policies.

Unleashing innovation and agility: interaction between intellectual capital and supply chain analytics

PurposeThis study explores the impact of intellectual capital on the adoption of supply chain analysis by manufacturing companies. The authors also examine the potential role of supply chain analytics in supply chain innovation and agility.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered from 268 managers and directors of Jordanian companies. The hypotheses were tested using the Smart PLS software.FindingsThe results reveal that human, structural and social capital significantly impact supply chain analytics. Moreover, the findings show that supply chain analytics significantly affect supply chain innovation and agility. In other words, cultivating intellectual capital is crucial for utilizing supply chain analysis to enhance performance in terms of innovation and agility.Originality/valueThis study adds to the literature on the determinants of the adoption of supply chain analytics and its function in establishing the dynamic capabilities of businesses, including supply chain innovation and agility.

Social capital, cooperation and innovation in the energy sector clusters

ABSTRACT This paper analyses the relationship between the location of companies in specialised environments, social capital, cooperation and firms’ performance in terms of innovation. After calculating the degree to which the Spanish energy sector is agglomerated at the provincial level, the research hypotheses are tested using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique. The results show a positive and significant relationship between industrial agglomeration in territorial clusters and the firms’ innovative performance, besides the mediating effect of social capital and cooperation in this relationship. It is concluded that business location in specialised environments is of strategic importance for companies, especially in terms of innovation.

Gender diversity in European firms and the R&D-innovation-productivity nexus.

In this paper, we empirically explore whether gender diversity in European firms, measured at different organisational levels, contributes to enhancing their performance in terms of innovation and productivity. Particularly we propose a structural econometric framework that allows us to simultaneously account for gender diversity at the workforce and ownership level throughout different phases of the innovation process, from the decision to engage in R&D to productivity. Our results reveal that gender diversity is strongly related to firms' performance, besides the traditional factors envisaged by the literature. However, some differences emerge according to the firms' organisational levels. Indeed, workforce gender diversity seems to be relevant to all phases of the innovation process. By contrast, the positive influence of ownership gender diversity seems more narrowed as limited to the innovation development/implementation phase; moreover, increasing women's participation beyond a certain threshold is negatively associated with firms' productivity.

Feeling torn? The conflicting effects of market and entrepreneurial orientations on manufacturing SMEs' innovation performance

PurposeThis study focuses on how a small and medium-sized enterprise's (SME's) main strategic orientation can affect SMEs' approach to innovation. The authors aim to answer the following simple yet important questions: how do SMEs with market orientation (MO) and those with entrepreneurial orientation (EO) differ in terms of innovation performance? Do MO and EO have conflicting effects on the process of innovation at SMEs? If so, how does this conflict affect the innovation performance of SMEs?Design/methodology/approachThis study explores the effects of MO and EO on different types of technological innovation among SMEs using data collected from 124 INNOBIZ-certified manufacturing SMEs in South Korea. Logistic regression analysis and moderated regression analysis were conducted to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe empirical results demonstrate that MO and EO engender different kinds of technological innovations. MO stimulates “new-to-the-firm” product innovation, while EO drives “new-to-the-industry” innovation in processes and products. Furthermore, SMEs' overall innovation performance will suffer from the conflicting interplay between MO and EO.Originality/valueThe findings of this study encourage SMEs to concentrate SMEs' resources and learning efforts on one specific innovation orientation and only then to develop SMEs' ambidextrous managerial capabilities. This study offers academic contributions in that the study overcomes the limitations of past studies on the strategic orientation of SMEs by empirically confirming the dilemmas faced by SMEs and expands the theoretical understanding of the relationship between MO and EO.

Collective reputation cognition, network competence and enterprise innovation performance

PurposeCollective reputation cognition is an enterprise's perception of the general rules of reputation evaluation, jointly formed by a network's collective members. It affects the choice of enterprises' innovation behavior and guides enterprises to occupy a dominant position in the innovation network, thus achieving high innovation performance. In this process, it is inseparable from the enterprise's good network competence. This study attempts to bring collective reputation cognition, network competence and innovation performance into the same framework and aims to explore the relationship among them and determine the influential roles of collective reputation perception and network capability on innovation performance.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses 227 Chinese enterprises in the innovation network as samples and applies partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to explore the questions mentioned above.FindingsThe results verify the relationship among collective reputation cognition, network competence and innovation performance. Furthermore, the results yield five paths that lead to high innovation performance, such as “putting ability first” and “both fame and competence”, which are different combinations of collective reputation cognition and network competence.Originality/valueBased on institutional theory, this study considers the network context and identifies “collective reputation cognition” as a key variable. Meanwhile, it opens the “black box” of the mechanism of reputation's influence on innovation performance and finds that the combined paths of collective reputation cognition and network competence achieve high performance in terms of innovation.

Hegemony of Digital Platforms, Innovation Culture, and E-Commerce Marketing Capabilities: The Innovation Performance Perspective

Advanced technologies have affected business models. Sustainable innovation performance has become very critical for the survival of businesses, in particular in emerging economies. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of digital platforms, innovation culture (IC), and e-commerce marketing capabilities on innovation performance (IP). In this study, the intervening role of IC was studied. Furthermore, the moderating role of e-commerce marketing capabilities was studied regarding the link between digital platforms and IP. Data were collected from the top management of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) working in several cities in Pakistan. For the data collection and analysis, the quantitative research method was used. Correlation, regression, and bootstrap methods were applied to test hypotheses. The results showed that digital platforms have positive impacts on innovation culture and IP. The findings verified that IC plays a mediating role in the relationship between digital platforms and IP. Moreover, digital platforms increase IP in the presence of e-commerce marketing capabilities. SMEs employ a self-motivated perspective, and it is necessary to evaluate their performance in terms of innovation. Subsequently, businesses that innovate their services and products with respect to their customers’ demands have the capacity to achieve true success. Consequently, SMEs need to analyze their IP for their businesses to flourish. The study emphasizes the overlooked relation of digital platforms and IP, as well as demonstrates the mediation effect of IC.

An exploratory study on innovation policy in eight Asian countries

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the evolution of eight Asian countries’ innovation policy instruments during three economic development phases. Another goal is to examine common and different policy instruments of Japan, Korea and China, which have already reached the post-catch-up stage, to provide lessons to less-developed and developing Asian countries.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a qualitative research methodology, in particular a narrative approach. For triangulation, this paper uses a wide range of secondary data. The authors selected eight Asian countries by using various criteria, including income level and market size, and examined each country in terms of innovation performance and evolution of innovation policy instruments. The evolution of innovation policy in each country is investigated during three economic development phases: pre-industrialization, industrialization and catch-up and post-catch-up.FindingsThe findings show, first, that a higher research and development (R&D) expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), R&D activities dominated by private research organizations and more vigorous patent activities by residents than nonresidents are the most critical factors for becoming a high-income country. Second, innovation policy should be suitable for attaining aims, which are different at each economic development stage. Third, seven lessons from three prosperous Asian countries are crucial for economic development: securing political stability; increasing R&D expenditures; facilitating the acquisition, diffusion and internalization of technology; encouraging government–industry–university collaborations; using the selection and concentration strategy; changing the governmental role from regulator to facilitator; and establishing a legal framework.Originality/valueIt is difficult to find research that systematically compares three or more Asian countries’ innovation policies over the long term. This study fills this gap and helps scholars and field workers increase their understanding of innovation policy in eight Asian countries. It also contributes to providing lessons for practitioners that could help developing and less-developed Asian countries establish a suitable innovation policy for each economic development stage.

Is centralization killing innovation? The success story of technological innovation in fiscally decentralized countries

In the past, economic models and empirical evidence have extensively examined the possible determinants of technological innovation. However, researchers did not give much importance to the relationship between fiscal decentralization and technological innovation. Therefore, this study examines the effects of fiscal decentralization on technological innovation, in the presence of economic globalization, public debt, and research & development expenditures (R&DE) for seven decentralized countries of the world, which include Brazil, South Africa, Canada, Germany, Japan, UK, and the USA. In this regard, the Westerlund and Kao cointegration methods' outcomes have provided ample evidence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables associated with technological innovation and its determinants. The results of the common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) support the hypothesized relationship between fiscal decentralization, and other technological innovation variables that have been taken into consideration. It is evident that an increase in fiscal decentralization, economic globalization, and R&D expenditures tends to improve the sample countries' performance in terms of innovation. On the contrary, public debt is negatively associated with technological innovation. By employing the Dumitrescu Hurlin test, we also found that any policy aims to target fiscal decentralization, R&D expenditures, and public debt significantly changes the advent of technological innovation.

A framework for the university performance assessment: some insights on innovation, technology and entrepreneurship

The importance of developing a good entrepreneurship and innovation environment in universities is highlighted by the fact that education is a critical factor in economic growth. This research examines the main factors that contribute to the development of an innovation ecosystem in universities, measures university performance in terms of innovation, technology and entrepreneurship and identifies the strength and areas of improvement of university system about these issues. More specifically, this study compared and analysed several parameters, such as scientific and technological research capability, intellectual property records, collaboration and communication, entrepreneurship and innovation culture, economic influence and commercialisation, to identify the essential factor for promoting entrepreneurship and innovation educational techniques in universities by using fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method. The findings reveal that the "number of university-industry partnership projects" has relatively higher weightage than other parameters, suggesting the importance of industry collaboration in the development of universities innovation, technology and entrepreneurship ecosystems.

Los factores que afectan a los emprendimientos en el Ecuador

Actualmente los emprendedores se enfrentan a grandes oportunidades, y a la vez, a grandes retos y dificultades, como la degradación del medio ambiente y sus consecuencias en la producción, la crisis económica mundial y local, la proliferación de la administración autocrática de los detentores de poder en las empresas, la protesta social a causa de la insatisfacción política, social y económica del pueblo, bajo nivel de innovación disruptiva que no solo afecta a la producción sino también a la baja calidad de los bienes y servicios que se ofertan. Este artículo tiene como objetivo reconocer los factores que en la actualidad afectan los emprendimientos en el Ecuador, mediante 7 aspectos que afectan a las corporaciones establecidos por Diana Rivenburgh  en su libro, The New Corporate Facts of Life. Según los resultados de Global Innovation Index 2019 (Índice de Innovación Global 2019), el Ecuador se ubica en el puesto 99 entre de 129 países y economías de todo el mundo, en desempeño en materia de innovación, esto, contrastado por el crecimiento económico negativo del país, con valores de alrededor de -7.3% proyectado por el Fondo Monetario Internacional para el 2020 y a la inestabilidad económica producida por las protestas sociales de octubre de 2019 y los efectos de la crisis sanitaria de la pandemia COVID-19 a nivel global, en la que tienen que ver la globalización, el deterioro del medio ambiente, y la falta de liderazgo empresarial para dar respuesta y soluciones a los retos y oportunidades que se presentan.

EMNC technological competence creation: key mechanisms and innovative performance

PurposeConsiderable attention has been paid to the motives and process of idiosyncratic internationalization trajectory of Multinational Corporations from emerging economies (EMNCs). Yet, the ability to undertake strategic asset-seeking foreign direct investments (FDIs) is not the same as the ability to achieve subsequent investment success (Buckley, 2018). Since an ultimate goal of strategic asset-seeking FDIs is to tap advanced knowledge in host locations to accelerate EMNC competence creation, and the current study aims to shed light on the question of whether, and if so how, EMNCs have been able to build competences after strategic asset-seeking motivated FDIs.Design/methodology/approachThis study tests the US patent and citation data from 2000 to 2014 of leading innovation-oriented MNCs from China and India, complemented with data from LexisNexis Directory of Corporate Affiliations and Mergent Online databases. Wilcoxon rank sum test is employed to compare EMNCs with control group MNCs from mature industrialized countries to identify key technological competence creation mechanisms of EMNCs. Negative binomial regression technique is then employed to test the relationship between the key mechanisms and EMNC innovative performance in terms of quantity and quality of patented inventions.FindingsIn contrast to the extant EMNC literature, the author finds that EMNC parents adopt a hands-on and less of an orchestrating approach. They are playing critical roles in accessing and transferring knowledge from international host locations. The empirical analyses indicate an absence of reverse transfers of knowledge from subsidiaries to the parent. Instead, EMNC parents directly access and absorb explicit knowledge from external sources in subsidiary host locations, which significantly contributes to EMNC innovative performance. Meanwhile, the author finds that the employment of intra-firm and inter-unit inventor teams and associated internal tacit knowledge access and transfer significantly contribute to EMNC innovative performance.Originality/valueThis study investigates the post-internationalization performance of EMNCs and contributes to the reconciliation of theoretical debates, as well as the generation of a comprehensive understanding of the MNC. Managerial implications are also discussed.

University-SME collaboration and innovation performance: the role of informal relationships and absorptive capacity

This work analyzes the impact of university–industry collaborations (UICs) on the innovation performance of a sample of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in Veneto, a region in the north-east of Italy, which is considered particularly representative of the often-cited “innovation without research” model. We consider two aspects of such UICs that have never been at the center of theoretical and empirical debates on the innovation capacity of SMEs and whose importance has only recently been recognized. The first aspect is the variety of forms that UIC can take. Specifically, we distinguish between formal and informal collaborations. The second aspect is the possible influence of the absorptive capacity of SMEs on their ability to gaining from UICs in terms of innovation performance. We combine statistical analysis of the results of a survey administered to 179 SMEs in Veneto with a collection of anecdotal evidence to show that UICs effectively increase SMEs’ innovation performance.

Start-up subsidies: Does the policy instrument matter?

New knowledge-intensive firms contribute to innovation, competition, and employment growth, but externalities like knowledge spillovers can prevent entrepreneurs from appropriating the full returns from their investments. In addition, uncertainty and information asymmetry pose challenges for financing. Public policy programs therefore aim to support start-ups. This study evaluates the effects of participation in such programs on the performance of start-ups in high-tech and knowledge-intensive sectors that were founded in Germany between 2005 and 2012. Distinguishing between grants and subsidized loans and after matching recipients and non-recipients based on a broad set of founder and company characteristics, we find that both grants and subsidized loans facilitate tangible investment, employment and revenue growth. Grants are, however, better suited to increasing R&D investments than loans are. Combined with grants, subsidized loans facilitate turning research results into marketable products by means of investments in tangible assets. Start-ups that participate in both types of programs outperform grant-only recipients in terms of innovation performance, employment and future revenues. Finally, program participation does not crowd out private venture capital.

Differences in Efficiency of Innovation Performance among Middle Income Countries: An Empirical Approach

The purpose of this paper is to determine empirically the differences in the efficiency of innovation performance in middle-income countries. To achieve this aim, it was used cluster analysis which is one of the multivariate statistical techniques. Ward’s agglomerative hierarchical method was employed for cluster analysis. In determining efficiency of innovation performance, it was followed process suggested by Kula and Ünlü (2019). So, cluster analysis was performed separately for inputs and outputs indicators. Secondly, discriminant analysis was used to identify factors that lead to differences in the efficiency. According to the World Bank's income classification, it was included a total of 54 countries, including 23 lower-middle income and 31 upper-middle income. The data used in the analysis was obtained from Global Innovation Index. The findings confirm the existence of the inefficiency problem in terms of innovation performance in the middle income countries. 

Start-up Subsidies: Does the Policy Instrument Matter?

New knowledge-intensive firms contribute to innovation, competition, and employment growth, but externalities like knowledge spillovers can prevent entrepreneurs from appropriating the full returns from their investments. In addition, uncertainty and information asymmetry pose challenges for financing. Public policy programs therefore aim to support start-ups. This study evaluates the effects of participation in such programs on the performance of start-ups in high-tech and knowledge-intensive sectors that were founded in Germany between 2005 and 2012. Distinguishing between grants and subsidized loans and after matching recipients and non-recipients based on a broad set of founder and company characteristics, we find that both grants and subsidized loans facilitate tangible investment, employment and revenue growth. Grants are, however, better suited to increasing R&D investments than loans are. Combined with grants, subsidized loans facilitate turning research results into marketable products by means of investments in tangible assets. Start-ups that participate in both types of programs outperform grant-only recipients in terms of innovation performance, employment and future revenues. Finally, program participation does not crowd out private venture capital.

The industrial sector of Duitama, contributions to its characterization

This article presents the most relevant results of the descriptive, nonexperimental study of qualitative approach called “Contributions to the characterization of the Industrial Sector of the city of Duitama, Boyaca” whose purpose, focused on recognizing the above-mentioned sector, is an academic approximation to the exercise of educational relevance. While the Industrial Corridor of Boyaca is the base of the economy of this Department and the city of Duitama is not only the core of this industrial corridor, but also the center of regional development, the companies of the industrial sector of this city that reported their economic activity to the corresponding Chamber of Commerce in November 2016, are the target of this study. The Departmental competitiveness* index whose consecutive record from 2013 to 2016 has been decisive since it reveals the lowest performance in terms of innovation and business dynamics for Boyaca. The application of the same instrument allowed knowing some aspects of the business dynamics and, particularly, aspects of behavior in terms of innovation by the aforementioned companies performance about innovation as well as the expectations of inquired entrepreneurs regarding the performance of the industrial designer. Although it was identified that most of the target companies under study do not consider research, development and innovation activities as part of their dynamics yet, there is awareness about the consequences of this fact and a clear interest on the part of the entrepreneurs in technological update and product innovation which represents an opportunity for the academia in the next stage of the exercise of educational relevance, and also for the industrial designer as it illustrates potential horizons in professional performance and, with it, the opportunity of intervention of design as an economic development factor.

Impact knowledge management on innovation. Field study on tourist agencies in Irbid city, Jordan

This article is dealt with investigate the impact knowledge management process, knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, knowledge application and knowledge storage, an innovation. Accordingly, a questionnaire-based survey was designed to test the aforementioned model based on dataset of 122 employees’ from the agency traveling in Jordan. Following the analytical descriptive methodanalyzed the relationship between the independent variable (knowledge management process) аnd the dependent variable (innovation), aims to know the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. In order, to achieve the objective of the study, a 24-question questionnaire was developed to collect primary information from the study community, and then analyzed using SPSS V 22, multiple regression were conducted to test the article`s hypotheses. The results indicated that knowledge process (knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, and knowledge storage) positively and significantly affect innovation. However, knowledge application insignificantly effect in innovation, and these results are in agree with the results of the previous literature. The results have enormous implication for the agency traveling in Jordan. The study provided a group of recommendations to speed up adopting the knowledge management in agency traveling in Jordan, the results of this study suggest that firms can be better off, in terms of innovation performance, if they are based on the incentive / compensation system for knowledge activities. When traditional economic figures are replaced by indicators such as knowledge creation, participation and utilization, staff will most likely work with these activities and thereby improve the performance of the company's full innovation.

BIG data – BIG gains? Understanding the link between big data analytics and innovation

ABSTRACTThis paper analyzes the relationship between firms' use of big data analytics and their innovative performance in terms of product innovations. Since big data technologies provide new data information practices, they create novel decision-making possibilities, which are widely believed to support firms' innovation process. Applying German firm-level data within a knowledge production function framework we find suggestive evidence that big data analytics is a relevant determinant for the likelihood of a firm becoming a product innovator as well as for the market success of product innovations. These results hold for the manufacturing as well as for the service sector but are contingent on firms' investment in IT-specific skills. Overall, the results support the view that big data analytics have the potential to enable innovation.